Production function

No matter the objective of any business organization, achievement of efficiency in drudgery or cost minimization for a given issue activity appear to be one of the prime concern of the managers In the managers effort to minimize production costs, the fundamental questions he or she faces ar (f) How can production be optimized or costs minimizes? (g) What will be the behavior of yield as gossips increase? (h) How does technology help In reducing production costs? 0) How can the least-cost faction of inserts be achieved? J) Given the technology, what happens to the rate of return when more plants are added to the star sign? The Theory of payoff Production theory gener aloney deals with quantitative relationships, that is, technical and technological relationships betwixt inputs, especially labor and capital, and between inputs and outputs. An Input Is a good or suffice that goes Into the production process. As economists refer to It, an Input Is simply anything which a firm buys for use In Its production process. An output, on the other hand, is any good or service that comes out of a production process.Economists classified inputs as (I) labor (II) capital land (iv) raw materials and, (v) time. These variables are measured per unit of time and once referred to as flow variables. In recent times, entrepreneurship has been added as take leave of the production Inputs, though this can be measured by the managerial expertise and the ability to shop things happen. Inputs are classified as either stiff or variable Inputs. Fixed and variable inputs are defined in two economic sense and technical sense. In economic sense, a fixed input is one whose write out is inelastic in the short perform.In technical sense, a fixed input is one that remains fixed (or constant) for certain level of output. A variable input is one whose supply in the short run is elastic, example, labor, raw terrestrial, and the like. Users of such inputs can employ a larger measurin g in the short run. Technically, a variable Input Is one that changes with changes In output. In the long run, all Inputs are variable 3. 1 The Production Function Production run short is a tool of analytic thinking utilize in explaining the input-output relationship. It describes the technical relationship between inputs and output in physical terms.In its general form, it holds that production of a given commodity depends on certain specific Inputs. In Its specific form, it presents the quantitative relationships between Inputs and outputs. A production modus operandi may take the form f a schedule, a graphical record line or a curve, an algebraic equation or a mathematical model. The production function represents the technology of a firm. An empirical production function is generally so complex to include a wide range of inputs land, labor, capital, raw materials, time, and technology.These variables form the Independent variables In a firms actual production function. A fir ms long- run production function Is of the form where Old = land and building L = labor K = capital M = materials T = technology and, t = time. For sake of convenience, economists have reduced the number of variables used in a reduction function to only(prenominal) two capital (K) and labor (L). Therefore, in the abridgment of input-output relations, the production function is expressed as Q = f(K, L) (3. 1. 2) Equation (3. . 2) represents the algebraic or mathematical form of the production function. It is this form of production function which is most commonly used in production analysis. As implied by the production function (equation (3. 1. 2)), increasing production, Q, will require K and L, and whether the firm can increase both K and L or only L will depend on the time issue it takes into account for increasing production, that is, whether he firm is thinking in terms of the short run or in terms of the long run.Economists believe that the supply of capital (K) is inelasti c in the short run and elastic in the long run. Thus, in the short run firms can increase production only by increasing labor, since the supply of capital is fixed in the short run. In the long run, the firm can employ more of both capital and labor, as the supply of capital becomes elastic everywhere time. In effect, there exists two types of production functions The short-run production function and, The long-run production function